1. Katame dhammā kusalā?
1. What dhammas are wholesome? At the time when kāma-realm wholesome consciousness, accompanied by joy and associated with knowledge, has arisen, taking a visible form as its object, or a sound as its object, or an odor as its object, or a taste as its object, or a tangible object as its object, or a mental phenomenon as its object, or indeed taking any object whatsoever: at that time there is contact, there is feeling, there is perception, there is volition, there is consciousness, there is initial application, there is sustained application, there is rapture, there is happiness, there is one-pointedness of mind, there is the faculty of faith, there is the faculty of energy, there is the faculty of mindfulness, there is the faculty of concentration, there is the faculty of wisdom, there is the faculty of mind, there is the faculty of joy, there is the faculty of life, there is right view, there is right intention, there is right effort, there is right mindfulness, there is right concentration, there is the power of faith, there is the power of energy, there is the power of mindfulness, there is the power of concentration, there is the power of wisdom, there is the power of moral shame, there is the power of moral dread, there is non-greed, there is non-hatred, there is non-delusion, there is non-covetousness, there is non-ill-will, there is right view, there is moral shame, there is moral dread, there is tranquillity of body, there is tranquillity of mind, there is lightness of body, there is lightness of mind, there is pliancy of body, there is pliancy of mind, there is adaptability of body, there is adaptability of mind, there is proficiency of body, there is proficiency of mind, there is uprightness of body, there is uprightness of mind, there is mindfulness, there is clear comprehension, there is tranquillity, there is insight, there is exertion, there is non-distraction; and whatever other formless dhammas, dependently arisen, exist at that time—these dhammas are wholesome.
1. Các pháp nào là thiện?
Yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti somanassasahagataṃ ñāṇasampayuttaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ vā saddārammaṇaṃ vā gandhārammaṇaṃ vā rasārammaṇaṃ vā phoṭṭhabbārammaṇaṃ vā dhammārammaṇaṃ vā yaṃ yaṃ vā panārabbha, tasmiṃ samaye phasso hoti, vedanā hoti, saññā hoti, cetanā hoti, cittaṃ hoti, vitakko hoti, vicāro hoti, pīti hoti, sukhaṃ hoti, cittassekaggatā hoti, saddhindriyaṃ hoti, vīriyindriyaṃ* hoti, satindriyaṃ hoti, samādhindriyaṃ hoti, paññindriyaṃ hoti, manindriyaṃ hoti, somanassindriyaṃ hoti, jīvitindriyaṃ hoti, sammādiṭṭhi hoti, sammāsaṅkappo hoti, sammāvāyāmo hoti, sammāsati hoti, sammāsamādhi hoti, saddhābalaṃ hoti, vīriyabalaṃ* hoti, satibalaṃ hoti, samādhibalaṃ hoti, paññābalaṃ hoti, hiribalaṃ hoti, ottappabalaṃ hoti, alobho hoti, adoso hoti, amoho hoti, anabhijjhā hoti, abyāpādo hoti, sammādiṭṭhi hoti, hirī hoti, ottappaṃ hoti, kāyapassaddhi* hoti, cittapassaddhi* hoti, kāyalahutā hoti, cittalahutā hoti, kāyamudutā hoti, cittamudutā hoti, kāyakammaññatā hoti, cittakammaññatā hoti, kāyapāguññatā hoti, cittapāguññatā hoti, kāyujukatā* hoti, cittujukatā* hoti, sati hoti, sampajaññaṃ hoti, samatho hoti, vipassanā hoti, paggāho hoti, avikkhepo hoti; ye vā pana tasmiṃ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā – ime dhammā kusalā.
1. What dhammas are wholesome? At the time when kāma-realm wholesome consciousness, accompanied by joy and associated with knowledge, has arisen, taking a visible form as its object, or a sound as its object, or an odor as its object, or a taste as its object, or a tangible object as its object, or a mental phenomenon as its object, or indeed taking any object whatsoever: at that time there is contact, there is feeling, there is perception, there is volition, there is consciousness, there is initial application, there is sustained application, there is rapture, there is happiness, there is one-pointedness of mind, there is the faculty of faith, there is the faculty of energy, there is the faculty of mindfulness, there is the faculty of concentration, there is the faculty of wisdom, there is the faculty of mind, there is the faculty of joy, there is the faculty of life, there is right view, there is right intention, there is right effort, there is right mindfulness, there is right concentration, there is the power of faith, there is the power of energy, there is the power of mindfulness, there is the power of concentration, there is the power of wisdom, there is the power of moral shame, there is the power of moral dread, there is non-greed, there is non-hatred, there is non-delusion, there is non-covetousness, there is non-ill-will, there is right view, there is moral shame, there is moral dread, there is tranquillity of body, there is tranquillity of mind, there is lightness of body, there is lightness of mind, there is pliancy of body, there is pliancy of mind, there is adaptability of body, there is adaptability of mind, there is proficiency of body, there is proficiency of mind, there is uprightness of body, there is uprightness of mind, there is mindfulness, there is clear comprehension, there is tranquillity, there is insight, there is exertion, there is non-distraction; and whatever other formless dhammas, dependently arisen, exist at that time—these dhammas are wholesome.
Vào lúc nào, tâm thiện Dục giới sinh khởi, hợp với hỷ, tương ưng với trí, duyên theo sắc cảnh, hoặc thanh cảnh, hoặc hương cảnh, hoặc vị cảnh, hoặc xúc cảnh, hoặc pháp cảnh, hoặc duyên theo bất cứ cảnh nào, vào lúc đó có xúc, có thọ, có tưởng, có tư, có tâm, có tầm, có tứ, có hỷ, có lạc, có nhất tâm, có tín căn, có tinh tấn căn, có niệm căn, có định căn, có tuệ căn, có ý căn, có hỷ căn, có mạng căn, có chánh kiến, có chánh tư duy, có chánh tinh tấn, có chánh niệm, có chánh định, có tín lực, có tinh tấn lực, có niệm lực, có định lực, có tuệ lực, có tàm lực, có quý lực, có vô tham, có vô sân, có vô si, có vô tham lam, có vô sân hận, có chánh kiến, có tàm, có quý, có thân khinh an, có tâm khinh an, có thân khinh khoái, có tâm khinh khoái, có thân nhu nhuyến, có tâm nhu nhuyến, có thân thích ứng, có tâm thích ứng, có thân thuần thục, có tâm thuần thục, có thân ngay thẳng, có tâm ngay thẳng, có niệm, có tỉnh giác, có tịnh chỉ, có tuệ quán, có tinh tấn, có không tán loạn; hoặc bất kỳ pháp vô sắc nào khác đồng sinh khởi do duyên vào lúc đó – những pháp này là thiện.